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Understanding Photophobia, What is it & What Causes it? Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

Light sensitivity, or photophobia, is a medical condition that causes the eyes to hurt or show distress when exposed to strong illumination. Photophobia can be used as an indicator for diagnosing eye, brain, or systemic health problems. Light sensitivity has various causes, including medical conditions, surrounding elements, and working environments. Intense sunlight and artificial lighting lead to photophobia, a decline in performance by most workers, and generally poor health.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Building Technical Information Guide: “Do not use lifts if there is a fire” Contrasting Signs

The National Construction Code, Building Code of Australia Volume One, requires lift landings to be provided with warning signs to prevent occupants from using a passenger lift during a fire. Each sign must be readily visible near every lift landing call button, as per Clause E3D4(3). The proposed changes to Clause E3D4(3) in 2025 will require warning signs near lift call buttons with lettering contrasting colours with the background to ensure clear visibility. The lettering must be incised, inlaid, or embossed on a securely fixed plate made of metal, wood, plastic, or similar material or directly attached to the wall surface to ensure visibility. <br>

Eye Colobomas - A Comprehensive Overview: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

A coloboma is a congenital (present from birth) condition in which a portion of the eye structure fails to develop properly, resulting in a gap or hole in one or more parts of the eye. This condition can affect various parts of the eye. Depending on the location and size of the coloboma, the severity and impact on vision can vary significantly.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Macular Holes: Causes, Symptoms, and Vision Impact: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

A macular hole is a small tear or opening in the macula. The macula is the part of your retinas essential for sharp, detailed central vision. When a macular hole forms, it can blur or distort your central vision, making everyday tasks like reading, driving, or recognizing faces more challenging.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Understanding Uveitis and Inflammation of the Eyes: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

Inflammation of the eyes can manifest as uveitis. It has an impact on the uvea, the middle layer of tissue in the eye wall. Warning signs of uveitis frequently appear unexpectedly and worsen rapidly. These include blurred vision, discomfort, and redness in the eyes. The illness can affect people of all ages, including children, and can impair one or both eyes.<br><br>An autoimmune or inflammatory condition, an accident, or an infection may bring on uveitis. Frequently, it is impossible to pinpoint the cause. Serious uveitis can result in irreversible visual loss. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid issues and protect your vision.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

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Understanding Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

The obstruction of one or more branches of the central retinal vein is known as Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO). The retina plays a crucial role in vision. The retina needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients provided by blood vessels. One major artery brings oxygen-rich blood to the retina, and one major vein carries deoxygenated blood away from the retina. The artery enters the eye through the optic nerve and then branches into smaller vessels throughout the retina. The artery and the vein have smaller branches that spread throughout the retina, ensuring that all parts of the retina get oxygen and nutrients through the blood supply.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Myopic Choroidal Neovascularisation: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

Our eyesight is one of our essential senses, helping us navigate the world. For people with high myopia (severe nearsightedness), there is a risk of developing a condition called Myopic Choroidal Neovascularisation (mCNV), which can lead to vision problems. Myopic Choroidal Neovascularisation (mCNV) is a condition that occurs in individuals with severe nearsightedness or high myopia. In this condition, abnormal blood vessels form beneath the retina in the choroid layer.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Understanding Dry Eyes and the Impact on Everyday Life: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

Dry eye syndrome happens when your eyes don’t make enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly, causing discomfort and irritation. Tears are essential for keeping your eyes moist, smooth, and clear. A healthy tear film has three layers: fatty oils, aqueous fluid, and mucus. These work together to protect and hydrate your eyes. If any layer is disrupted, it can result in dry eyes. Interestingly, dry eyes may also cause excessive tearing because the eyes try to compensate, but these tears are often ineffective. Dry eyes are one of the most common eye problems globally, affecting millions. Studies estimate that 5% to 50% of people experience this condition due to factors like aging, increased screen time, and environmental changes.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Vitreomacular Traction and its Impact on Life: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide

Vitreomacular traction (VMT) occurs when the vitreous, a gel-like substance in the eye, remains partially attached to the macula during aging, causing pulling on the retina. Normally, the vitreous shrinks and detaches with age, but in some cases, it remains attached, leading to VMT. This condition can result in damage to the macula, which affects vision. As we age, changes in the vitreous occur, such as an increase in collagen and a shift towards a fibrous texture. These changes can cause the vitreous to shrink, forming fluid-filled pockets in front of the macula. Eventually, these pockets enlarge and contribute to posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). While PVD itself is usually harmless, if the vitreous remains attached to the macula, it results in VMT. If left untreated, VMT can lead to permanent vision loss.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

Cataracts and the Quality of Life: Ophthalmology & Optometry Information Guide (Digital Download)

Cataract is the clouding of the lens in the eyes. The eye's lens is usually clear and helps focus light rays onto the retina. It is composed of proteins that are normally arranged clearly and organised. However, in cataracts, these proteins start to break down and clump together, causing the lens to become cloudy. This cloudiness prevents light from passing through the lens properly, leading to blurry or impaired vision.<br><br>This fact sheet is part of our Ophthalmology and Optometry Information Guide series, developed to help people understand eye conditions and their impact on navigating the built environment.

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